Environmental Monitoring &
Testing Services
Comprehensive environmental testing services to support compliance, sustainability, and risk management.
Environmental Monitoring & Testing Services
Maintaining environmental quality is vital for protecting human health, preserving ecosystems, and meeting regulatory obligations. CareLabs offers comprehensive environmental testing solutions that monitor and assess air, water, soil, and sediment across a wide range of industrial, commercial, and natural environments. Through advanced testing technologies, we detect harmful contaminants, evaluate ecological impact, and ensure compliance with applicable national and global standards.
Whether it involves measuring air pollution levels, testing wastewater, analysing soil contamination, or evaluating sediment conditions, our accurate and dependable services provide actionable insights that support informed decisions and sustainable practices. With a strong focus on precision, safety, and compliance, CareLabs enables organizations to minimize environmental risks and promote long-term ecological well-being.
Whether it involves measuring air pollution levels, testing wastewater, analysing soil contamination, or evaluating sediment conditions, our accurate and dependable services provide actionable insights that support informed decisions and sustainable practices. With a strong focus on precision, safety, and compliance, CareLabs enables organizations to minimize environmental risks and promote long-term ecological well-being.
CPCB & NAAQS Standards
Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) testing parameters are generally based on the requirements of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), 2009. The complete list of commonly monitored parameters is as follows:
Criteria Pollutants (NAAQS – CPCB)
| Sl. No. | Parameter | Unit | Test Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Particulate Matter (PM₁₀) | µg/m³ | Gravimetric Method |
| 2 | Particulate Matter (PM₂.₅) | µg/m³ | Gravimetric Method |
| 3 | Sulphur Dioxide (SO₂) | µg/m³ | Improved West & Gaeke Method |
| 4 | Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂) | µg/m³ | Jacob & Hochheiser Method / Chemiluminescence |
| 5 | Carbon Monoxide (CO) | mg/m³ | NDIR Analyzer |
| 6 | Ozone (O₃) | µg/m³ | UV Photometric Method |
| 7 | Lead (Pb) | µg/m³ | AAS / ICP-MS |
| 8 | Ammonia (NH₃) | µg/m³ | Indophenol Blue Method |
| 9 | Benzene (C₆H₆) | µg/m³ | GC-FID / GC-MS |
| 10 | Benzo(a)Pyrene (BaP) | ng/m³ | HPLC |
| 11 | Arsenic (As) | ng/m³ | ICP-MS / AAS |
| 12 | Nickel (Ni) | ng/m³ | ICP-MS / AAS |
Additional Parameters (Depending on Industry / SPCB Requirement)
Additional Parameters (Depending on Industry / SPCB Requirement)
- Total Suspended Particulate Matter (TSPM)
- Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM)
- Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
- Dioxins and Furans
- Dioxins Like PCBs
- Non-Dioxins Like PCBs
- BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylenes)
- Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S)
- Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
- Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
- Chlorine (Cl₂)
- Formaldehyde
- Mercury (Hg)
- Total Hydrocarbons (THC)
- Non-Methane Hydrocarbons (NMHC)
- Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
- Dust Fall (Dust Deposition Rate)
Meteorological Parameters (Recorded During AAQ Monitoring)
- Wind Speed
- Wind Direction
- Ambient Temperature
- Relative Humidity
- Atmospheric Pressure
- Rainfall (where applicable)
- Solar Radiation (optional)
Applicable Standards
- CPCB – National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), 2009
- IS 5182 Series (Methods for Measurement of Air Pollution)
- USEPA Reference Methods (where applicable)
Routine Stack Emission Monitoring
Care labs provide Stack emission monitoring includes measurement of particulate matter, gaseous pollutants, combustion efficiency, toxic compounds, and physical stack conditions. The parameters depend on the industry, fuel used, and the consent conditions prescribed by the State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) or CPCB. Also provides advanced sampling and analysis support for industry specific requirements.
Routine Stack Emission Monitoring Parameters
| Sl. No. | Parameter | Unit | Typical Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Particulate Matter (PM) | mg/Nm³ | Isokinetic Sampling (IS 11255) |
| 2 | Sulphur Dioxide (SO₂) | mg/Nm³ | IS 11255 / USEPA Method 6 |
| 3 | Oxides of Nitrogen (NOₓ) | mg/Nm³ | USEPA Method 7E / Chemiluminescence |
| 4 | Carbon Monoxide (CO) | mg/Nm³ | NDIR Analyzer |
| 5 | Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) | % | NDIR Analyzer |
| 6 | Oxygen (O₂) | % | Paramagnetic/Electrochemical Analyzer |
| 7 | Stack Gas Temperature | °C | Thermocouple |
| 8 | Stack Gas Velocity | m/s | Pitot Tube |
| 9 | Volumetric Flow Rate | Nm³/hr | Calculated |
| 10 | Moisture Content | % | Gravimetric |
| 11 | Static Pressure | mmWC / Pa | Manometer |
Advanced Stack Emission Testing
Acid Gases
- Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
- Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
- Chlorine (Cl₂)
- Bromine compounds
Sulphur Compounds
- SO₂
- SO₃
- Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S)
Nitrogen Compounds
- NO
- NO₂
- Total NOₓ
- Nitrous Oxide (N₂O)
Organic Pollutants
- Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
- Non-Methane Hydrocarbons (NMHC)
- Total Hydrocarbons (THC)
- BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylene)
- Formaldehyde
- Aldehydes and Ketones
Persistent Organic Pollutants
- Dioxins (PCDD)
- Furans (PCDF)
- Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Heavy Metals
- Mercury (Hg)
- Lead (Pb)
- Cadmium (Cd)
- Chromium (Cr)
- Arsenic (As)
- Nickel (Ni)
- Selenium (Se)
- Antimony (Sb)
- Beryllium (Be)
- Copper (Cu)
- Zinc (Zn)
- Manganese (Mn)
Halogenated Organics
- PCBs
- Chlorinated solvents
Greenhouse Gases
- Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
- Methane (CH₄)
- Nitrous Oxide (N₂O)
Combustion Efficiency Parameters
- Oxygen (O₂)
- Carbon Monoxide (CO)
- Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
- Excess Air
- Combustion Efficiency
- Flue Gas Temperature
Industry-Specific Stack Parameters
Thermal Power Plants
- PM
- SO₂
- NOₓ
- Mercury
- HCl
- HF
- NH₃ Slip (for SCR/SNCR systems)
Cement Plants
- PM
- SO₂
- NOₓ
- CO
- HCl
- HF
- Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
Waste Incinerators
- PM
- Dioxins & Furans
- HCl
- HF
- SO₂
- NOₓ
- CO
- TOC
- Heavy Metals
Steel Plants
- PM
- SO₂
- NOₓ
- CO
- Heavy Metals
Pharmaceutical & Chemical Industries
- VOCs
- Acid gases
- Solvent vapours
- Ammonia
- Chlorine
- HCl
- HF
Petroleum Refineries
- VOCs
- H₂S
- SO₂
- NOₓ
- CO
- BTEX
- Total Hydrocarbons
Advanced Analytical Techniques
| Parameter | Instrument |
|---|---|
| VOCs | GC-MS/MS or GC-FID |
| BTEX | GC-MS / GC-FID |
| Heavy Metals | ICP-MS or ICP-OES |
| Mercury | Cold Vapor AAS / Mercury Analyzer |
| Dioxins & Furans | HRGC-HRMS |
| PAHs | GC-MS/MS |
| Formaldehyde | HPLC |
| HCl/HF | Ion Chromatography |
| NH₃ | UV-Vis Spectrophotometer / Ion Chromatography |
Applicable Standards
- IS 11255 Series – Methods for Measurement of Stack Emissions
- USEPA Methods (1–5, 6, 7E, 10, 18, 23, 25A, 29, etc.)
- CPCB Emission Standards
- MoEF&CC Environmental Standards
- ISO 9096 – Determination of particulate emissions
- EN 14181 – Quality assurance for continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS)
High-End Testing Capabilities for an Advanced Environmental Laboratory
A modern environmental laboratory can offer the following specialized stack emission services:
High-End Testing Capabilities
- Routine stack emission monitoring
- Isokinetic particulate sampling
- VOC and BTEX analysis
- Dioxins and furans
- PAHs
- Heavy metals (including mercury)
- Acid gases (HCl, HF, Cl₂)
- Ammonia (NH₃)
- Greenhouse gas monitoring
- Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
- CEMS performance evaluation and validation
- Source emission inventory studies
- Dispersion modelling support (using stack emission data)
- Occupational exposure assessment for process emissions
Work Zone (Occupational) Air Monitoring Parameters
Work Zone Monitoring (also called Occupational Air Monitoring or Industrial Hygiene Monitoring) evaluates employee exposure to airborne contaminants in the breathing zone. It is carried out in accordance with OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH, DGMS (mines), CPCB, and Factory Inspectorate guidelines.
Routine Work Zone Air Monitoring Parameters
| Sl. No. | Parameter | Unit | Typical Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Respirable Dust | mg/m³ | Gravimetric |
| 2 | Total Suspended Dust | mg/m³ | Gravimetric |
| 3 | PM₁₀ | µg/m³ | Gravimetric |
| 4 | PM₂.₅ | µg/m³ | Gravimetric |
| 5 | Silica (Crystalline Quartz) | mg/m³ | XRD / FTIR |
| 6 | Coal Dust | mg/m³ | Gravimetric |
| 7 | Cotton Dust | mg/m³ | Gravimetric |
| 8 | Wood Dust | mg/m³ | Gravimetric |
| 9 | Metal Dust | mg/m³ | ICP-MS / ICP-OES |
| 10 | Welding Fumes | mg/m³ | Gravimetric + ICP-MS |
Gaseous Pollutants
- Carbon Monoxide (CO)
- Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
- Sulphur Dioxide (SO₂)
- Nitrogen Oxides (NO & NO₂)
- Ozone (O₃)
- Ammonia (NH₃)
- Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S)
- Chlorine (Cl₂)
- Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
- Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
- Phosphine (PH₃)
- Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN)
- Nitric Acid Mist
- Sulphuric Acid Mist
Organic Vapours and Solvents (Advanced Monitoring) VOCs
- Total VOCs (TVOC)
- Benzene
- Toluene
- Ethylbenzene
- Xylene (BTEX)
- Styrene
- Hexane
- Methanol
- Ethanol
- Acetone
- Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)
- Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK)
- Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK)
- Acetonitrile
- Chloroform
- Carbon Tetrachloride
- Dichloromethane
- Trichloroethylene
- Tetrachloroethylene
Analytical Technique: Thermal Desorption–GC-MS/MS or Sorbent Tube–GC-MS.
Heavy Metals
- Lead (Pb)
- Cadmium (Cd)
- Chromium (Cr)
- Hexavalent Chromium (Cr⁶⁺)
- Nickel (Ni)
- Arsenic (As)
- Mercury (Hg)
- Manganese (Mn)
- Copper (Cu)
- Zinc (Zn)
- Iron (Fe)
- Aluminium (Al)
- Cobalt (Co)
- Selenium (Se)
Instrument: ICP-MS / ICP-OES / AAS.
Fibres
- Asbestos
- Mineral Wool
- Glass Fibre
- Ceramic Fibre
Method: Phase Contrast Microscopy (PCM) or Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Biological Contaminants
- Airborne Bacteria
- Airborne Fungi
- Yeast & Mould
- Total Microbial Count
- Endotoxins
Methods: Active Air Sampler, Impaction, Culture-based Methods, PCR (where applicable).
Advanced Chemical Exposure Monitoring
- Formaldehyde
- Glutaraldehyde
- Phenol
- Cyanide
- Isocyanates (TDI, MDI)
- Epichlorohydrin
- Ethylene Oxide
- Propylene Oxide
- Acrylonitrile
- Vinyl Chloride
Physical Work Environment Monitoring
- Temperature
- Relative Humidity
- Heat Stress (WBGT Index)
- Cold Stress
- Air Velocity
- Illumination (Lux)
- Noise Level (Leq, Lmax, Lpeak)
- Personal Noise Dosimetry
- Whole Body Vibration
- Hand Arm Vibration
Indoor Air Quality (Workplace)
- PM₂.₅
- PM₁₀
- CO₂
- CO
- VOCs
- Formaldehyde
- Ozone
- Temperature
- Relative Humidity
- Air Changes per Hour (ACH)
Advanced Analytical Techniques
| Parameter | Instrument |
|---|---|
| VOCs | GC-MS/MS |
| BTEX | GC-MS / GC-FID |
| Heavy Metals | ICP-MS / ICP-OES |
| Respirable Silica | XRD / FTIR |
| Formaldehyde | HPLC |
| Organic Solvents | Thermal Desorption GC-MS |
| Mercury | Cold Vapor AAS |
| Hexavalent Chromium | UV-Vis / IC |
| Isocyanates | HPLC |
| PAHs | GC-MS/MS |
| Biological Contaminants | Active Air Sampler, PCR, Culture Methods |
Personal Exposure Monitoring
- Personal Respirable Dust
- Personal Total Dust
- Personal VOC Exposure
- Personal Noise Dosimetry
- Personal Silica Exposure
- Personal Welding Fume Exposure
- Personal Asbestos Exposure
These measurements are typically collected using personal sampling pumps attached to the worker to assess exposure over an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA).
Applicable Standards
- OSHA – Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL)
- NIOSH – Recommended Exposure Limits (REL)
- ACGIH – Threshold Limit Values (TLV)
- IS 9989 – Occupational Air Sampling
- Factory Act & State Factory Rules (India)
- DGMS Guidelines (Mining)
- CPCB/MoEF&CC (where applicable)
Advanced Work Zone Monitoring Services for a High-End Environmental Laboratory
An advanced occupational hygiene laboratory can provide:
- Respirable and total dust monitoring
- Crystalline silica (quartz) analysis
- VOC and solvent exposure monitoring
- BTEX analysis
- Heavy metals in workplace air
- Welding fume characterization
- Asbestos fibre monitoring
- Isocyanate monitoring
- Formaldehyde and aldehyde analysis
- Acid gas monitoring (HCl, HF, SO₂, NO₂, NH₃)
- Biological air monitoring (bacteria and fungi)
- Heat stress (WBGT) assessment
- Noise mapping and personal dosimetry
- Illumination and thermal comfort surveys
- Indoor air quality (IAQ) assessments
- Personal exposure monitoring using wearable sampling devices
- Occupational risk assessment and compliance reporting
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Monitoring – Routine and Advanced Testing Parameters
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) monitoring assesses air quality in offices, hospitals, pharmaceutical facilities, laboratories, clean rooms, commercial buildings, schools, hotels, industries, and residential buildings. Testing is performed according to IS 5182, CPCB, NBC 2016, ASHRAE 62.1, OSHA, NIOSH, ISO 16000, WHO, and USEPA guidelines.
Basic Indoor Air Quality Parameters
| Sl. No. | Parameter | Unit | Typical Instrument |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Temperature | °C | IAQ Meter |
| 2 | Relative Humidity | % | IAQ Meter |
| 3 | Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) | ppm | NDIR Analyzer |
| 4 | Carbon Monoxide (CO) | ppm | Electrochemical Sensor |
| 5 | Oxygen (O₂) | % | Electrochemical Sensor |
| 6 | Air Velocity | m/s | Anemometer |
| 7 | Differential Pressure (Cleanrooms) | Pa | Differential Pressure Meter |
Particulate Matter
| Parameter | Unit |
|---|---|
| PM₁ | µg/m³ |
| PM₂.₅ | µg/m³ |
| PM₄ | µg/m³ |
| PM₁₀ | µg/m³ |
| Total Suspended Particles (TSP) | µg/m³ |
| Ultrafine Particles (UFP) | particles/cm³ |
Gaseous Pollutants
- Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
- Carbon Monoxide (CO)
- Sulphur Dioxide (SO₂)
- Nitrogen Oxides (NO, NO₂, NOₓ)
- Ozone (O₃)
- Ammonia (NH₃)
- Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S)
- Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
- Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
- Chlorine (Cl₂)
- Nitric Oxide (NO)
- Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂)
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
General VOCs
- Total VOCs (TVOC)
- Formaldehyde
- Acetaldehyde
- Acrolein
- Methanol
- Ethanol
- Acetone
- Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)
- Hexane
- Styrene
BTEX
- Benzene
- Toluene
- Ethylbenzene
- Xylene
Chlorinated Solvents
- Trichloroethylene
- Tetrachloroethylene
- Dichloromethane
- Chloroform
- Carbon Tetrachloride
Biological Air Monitoring
Bacteria
- Total Viable Bacterial Count (TVBC)
- Airborne Pathogenic Bacteria
- Legionella (specific investigations)
Fungi
- Total Yeast & Mould Count
- Aspergillus spp.
- Penicillium spp.
- Cladosporium spp.
Others
- Airborne Spores
- Endotoxins
- Allergens
- Pollen
Methods: Active Air Sampler, Impaction, Settle Plates, Culture, PCR (where applicable)
Cleanroom and Pharmaceutical Monitoring
- Viable Airborne Count (CFU/m³)
- Non-Viable Particle Count (ISO 14644)
- HEPA Filter Integrity (PAO/DOP Test)
- Air Change Rate (ACH)
- Airflow Visualization (Smoke Study)
- Differential Pressure
- Recovery Test
- Air Velocity
- Temperature & Relative Humidity
Advanced Indoor Pollutants
- Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
- Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs)
- Phthalates
- Flame Retardants
- PCBs
- Dioxins & Furans (special studies)
- Radon
- Mercury Vapour
- Silica Dust
- Asbestos Fibres
- Welding Fumes (industrial settings)
Heavy Metals in Indoor Dust/Air
- Lead (Pb)
- Cadmium (Cd)
- Chromium (Cr)
- Mercury (Hg)
- Nickel (Ni)
- Arsenic (As)
- Manganese (Mn)
Instrument: ICP-MS / ICP-OES
Comfort and Ventilation Assessment
- Air Changes per Hour (ACH)
- Ventilation Effectiveness
- Fresh Air Flow Rate
- Occupancy Load Assessment
- Thermal Comfort
- Predicted Mean Vote (PMV)
- Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD)
Advanced Instrumentation
| Parameter | Instrument |
|---|---|
| PM₁, PM₂.₅, PM₁₀ | Laser Particle Counter |
| CO₂ | NDIR Analyzer |
| CO | Electrochemical Analyzer |
| VOCs | GC-MS / Thermal Desorption GC-MS |
| Formaldehyde | HPLC / DNPH Method |
| Heavy Metals | ICP-MS / ICP-OES |
| Radon | Radon Monitor |
| Particle Count | Optical Particle Counter |
| Airborne Microbes | Active Air Sampler |
| Air Velocity | Hot Wire Anemometer |
| Differential Pressure | Magnehelic Gauge / Digital DP Meter |
| HEPA Filter Test | Aerosol Photometer |
Noise Monitoring Parameters
Noise monitoring is performed to assess environmental, occupational, and industrial noise levels for compliance with CPCB, MoEF&CC, OSHA, NIOSH, ISO, and Factory Act requirements.
Environmental Noise Monitoring (CPCB)
| Sl. No. | Parameter | Unit | Instrument |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Equivalent Continuous Sound Level (Leq) | dB(A) | Sound Level Meter |
| 2 | Maximum Noise Level (Lmax) | dB(A) | Sound Level Meter |
| 3 | Minimum Noise Level (Lmin) | dB(A) | Sound Level Meter |
| 4 | Statistical Noise Level (L10) | dB(A) | Integrating SLM |
| 5 | Statistical Noise Level (L50) | dB(A) | Integrating SLM |
| 6 | Statistical Noise Level (L90) | dB(A) | Integrating SLM |
| 7 | Day Time Noise Level | dB(A) | Integrating SLM |
| 8 | Night Time Noise Level | dB(A) | Integrating SLM |
Occupational (Work Zone) Noise Monitoring
| Sl. No. | Parameter | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Personal Noise Exposure | 8-hour Time Weighted Average (TWA) |
| 2 | Peak Noise Level | Maximum instantaneous noise |
| 3 | Impulse Noise | Short-duration high-intensity noise |
| 4 | Noise Dose (%) | Daily exposure percentage |
| 5 | Equivalent Noise (Leq) | Average exposure level |
| 6 | Time Weighted Average (TWA) | Occupational exposure limit |
| 7 | Noise Exposure Duration | Hours of exposure |
Advanced Noise Monitoring Parameters
- Leq
- Lmax
- Lmin
- Lpeak
- L10
- L50
- L90
- SEL (Sound Exposure Level)
Soil Sampling and Advanced Soil Testing Parameters
Soil testing is performed for environmental monitoring, agriculture, contaminated site assessment, industrial compliance, geotechnical investigations, mining, and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The parameters are generally based on IS 2720 series, APHA, ASTM, USEPA, CPCB, MoEF&CC, FAO, and ISO 18400 series.
Physical Parameters
| Sl. No. | Parameter | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Colour | Visual |
| 2 | Texture | Classification |
| 3 | Moisture Content | % |
| 4 | Bulk Density | g/cm³ |
| 5 | Particle Density | g/cm³ |
| 6 | Porosity | % |
| 7 | Water Holding Capacity | % |
| 8 | Specific Gravity | - |
| 9 | Particle Size Distribution | % |
| 10 | Sand | % |
| 11 | Silt | % |
| 12 | Clay | % |
| 13 | Permeability | cm/sec |
| 14 | Hydraulic Conductivity | cm/sec |
| 15 | Atterberg Limits (LL, PL, PI) | % |
| 16 | Shrinkage Limit | % |
General Chemical Parameters
| Sl. No. | Parameter |
|---|---|
| 1 | pH |
| 2 | Electrical Conductivity (EC) |
| 3 | Total Dissolved Solids (Extract) |
| 4 | Total Suspended Solids (Extract) |
| 5 | Organic Carbon |
| 6 | Organic Matter |
| 7 | Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) |
| 8 | Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) |
| 9 | Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) |
| 10 | Calcium Carbonate |
| 11 | Chloride |
| 12 | Sulphate |
| 13 | Carbonate |
| 14 | Bicarbonate |
Major Nutrients
- Total Nitrogen
- Available Nitrogen
- Total Phosphorus
- Available Phosphorus
- Total Potassium
- Available Potassium
- Calcium
- Magnesium
- Sodium
- Sulphur
Secondary Nutrients
- Calcium
- Magnesium
- Sulphur
Micronutrients
- Iron (Fe)
- Zinc (Zn)
- Copper (Cu)
- Manganese (Mn)
- Boron (B)
- Molybdenum (Mo)
- Cobalt (Co)
- Silicon (Si)
Heavy Metals
- Lead (Pb)
- Cadmium (Cd)
- Chromium (Cr)
- Hexavalent Chromium (Cr⁶⁺)
- Mercury (Hg)
- Arsenic (As)
- Nickel (Ni)
- Selenium (Se)
- Antimony (Sb)
- Barium (Ba)
- Cobalt (Co)
- Copper (Cu)
- Zinc (Zn)
- Iron (Fe)
- Manganese (Mn)
- Aluminium (Al)
Advanced Organic Contaminants
Pesticide Residues
- Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs)
- Organophosphorus Pesticides (OPPs)
- Carbamates
- Pyrethroids
- Neonicotinoids
- Glyphosate
- Glufosinate
Instrument: GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS
Hydrocarbons
- Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH)
- Mineral Oil
- Diesel Range Organics (DRO)
- Gasoline Range Organics (GRO)
- Used Oil
Instrument: GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
- Benzene
- Toluene
- Ethylbenzene
- Xylene (BTEX)
- Chlorinated Solvents
- Vinyl Chloride
- Trichloroethylene
- Tetrachloroethylene
Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs)
- Phenols
- Cresols
- Phthalates
- Nitro Aromatics
- Chlorophenols
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
- Dioxins
- Furans
- PCBs
- PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)
Biological Parameters
- Total Bacterial Count
- Total Fungal Count
- Actinomycetes
- Coliform Bacteria
- Soil Respiration
- Microbial Biomass Carbon
- Enzyme Activity
Salinity and Sodicity
- Exchangeable Sodium
- Exchangeable Calcium
- Exchangeable Magnesium
- SAR
- ESP
- Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC)
Fertility Parameters
- Available NPK
- Organic Carbon
- Micronutrients
- CEC
- Base Saturation
- Lime Requirement
- Gypsum Requirement
Geotechnical Parameters
- Grain Size Analysis
- Compaction Test (Proctor)
- California Bearing Ratio (CBR)
- Unconfined Compressive Strength
- Direct Shear Test
- Triaxial Shear Test
- Consolidation Test
- Swell Index
Instruments Used
| Parameter | Instrument |
|---|---|
| Heavy Metals | ICP-MS / ICP-OES / AAS |
| Pesticides | GC-MS/MS, LC-MS/MS |
| VOCs | GC-MS |
| PAHs | GC-MS/MS |
| TPH | GC-FID / GC-MS |
| Nutrients | UV-Visible Spectrophotometer |
| Organic Carbon | TOC Analyzer |
| Texture | Hydrometer / Laser Particle Size Analyzer |
| Soil Minerals | XRD |
| Functional Groups | FTIR |
Applicable Standards
- IS 2720 Series – Methods of Test for Soils
- ISO 18400 Series – Soil Quality Sampling
- USEPA SW-846 Methods
- APHA Standard Methods
- ASTM Soil Testing Standards
- FAO Soil Testing Guidelines
- CPCB / MoEF&CC Guidelines
Advanced Soil Testing Services for a High-End Laboratory
Advanced Soil Testing Services for a High-End Laboratory
- Soil fertility and nutrient analysis
- Heavy metals by ICP-MS/ICP-OES
- Multi-residue pesticide analysis (GC-MS/MS & LC-MS/MS)
- VOC and SVOC analysis
- Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH)
- BTEX analysis
- PAHs, PCBs, dioxins, and furans
- Organic carbon and total organic carbon (TOC)
- Salinity and sodicity evaluation
- Soil microbiological analysis
- Contaminated land assessment
- Industrial waste disposal site investigation
- Mining and ash pond soil characterization
- Geotechnical testing
- Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) baseline soil studies
- Hazardous waste site characterization
- Land remediation and risk assessment studies
Hazardous Waste Testing – Routine and Advanced Parameters
Hazardous waste characterization is performed to determine whether a waste is hazardous, assess its suitability for disposal, treatment, recycling, or co-processing, and ensure compliance with Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016, CPCB, SPCB, USEPA SW-846, ASTM, and APHA methods.
Physical Parameters
| Sl. No. | Parameter | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Appearance | Visual |
| 2 | Colour | Visual |
| 3 | Odour | - |
| 4 | Physical State | Solid/Liquid/Sludge |
| 5 | Moisture Content | % |
| 6 | Bulk Density | g/cm³ |
| 7 | Specific Gravity | - |
| 8 | Particle Size | mm |
| 9 | Ash Content | % |
| 10 | Volatile Matter | % |
| 11 | Fixed Carbon | % |
| 12 | Calorific Value (GCV/NCV) | kcal/kg |
General Chemical Parameters
- pH
- Electrical Conductivity (EC)
- Total Solids (TS)
- Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)
- Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
- Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
- Total Organic Matter
- Chloride
- Sulphate
- Fluoride
- Cyanide (Total and Amenable)
- Sulphide
- Ammoniacal Nitrogen
- Nitrate
- Phosphate
Heavy Metals
- Arsenic (As)
- Cadmium (Cd)
- Chromium (Total)
- Hexavalent Chromium (Cr⁶⁺)
- Lead (Pb)
- Mercury (Hg)
- Nickel (Ni)
- Selenium (Se)
- Silver (Ag)
- Barium (Ba)
- Copper (Cu)
- Zinc (Zn)
- Iron (Fe)
- Manganese (Mn)
- Aluminium (Al)
- Antimony (Sb)
- Cobalt (Co)
- Molybdenum (Mo)
- Vanadium (V)
Instrument: ICP-MS, ICP-OES, AAS
Organic Pollutants
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
- Benzene
- Toluene
- Ethylbenzene
- Xylene (BTEX)
- Vinyl Chloride
- Chloroform
- Carbon Tetrachloride
- Trichloroethylene
- Tetrachloroethylene
- Dichloromethane
Instrument: GC-MS
Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs)
- Phenols
- Cresols
- Phthalates
- Nitrobenzene
- Chlorophenols
- Aniline
- Nitroaromatics
Instrument: GC-MS/MS
Petroleum Hydrocarbons
- Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH)
- Diesel Range Organics (DRO)
- Gasoline Range Organics (GRO)
- Oil & Grease
- Mineral Oil
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
- Dioxins (PCDD)
- Furans (PCDF)
- PCBs
- PAHs
- Organochlorine Compounds
Instrument: HRGC-HRMS / GC-MS/MS
Pesticides
Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs)
- DDT
- Aldrin
- Dieldrin
- Endrin
- Endosulfan
- Lindane (γ-HCH)
- Heptachlor
Organophosphorus Pesticides (OPPs)
- Chlorpyrifos
- Malathion
- Parathion
- Monocrotophos
Others
- Carbamates
- Pyrethroids
- Neonicotinoids
Instrument: GC-MS/MS / LC-MS/MS
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)
Leachate analysis for:
- Lead
- Cadmium
- Chromium
- Mercury
- Arsenic
- Selenium
- Silver
- Barium
- Nickel
- VOCs
- SVOCs
- Pesticides
- Phenols
Method: USEPA Method 1311 (TCLP)
Corrosivity
- pH
- Acid Neutralization Capacity
- Alkali Neutralization Capacity
Ignitability
- Flash Point
- Fire Point
- Auto-Ignition Temperature
Reactivity
- Sulphide Reactivity
- Cyanide Reactivity
- Water Reactivity
- Oxidizing Properties
- Explosive Potential (specialized testing)
Biological Parameters (where applicable)
- Total Coliform
- Fecal Coliform
- Total Bacterial Count
- Total Fungal Count
Advanced Characterization
- Loss on Ignition (LOI)
- Ultimate Analysis (C, H, N, S, O)
- Proximate Analysis
- Chlorine Content
- Sulphur Content
- Halogens (Cl, Br, F)
- Ash Fusion Temperature
Instruments Used
| Parameter | Instrument |
|---|---|
| Heavy Metals | ICP-MS / ICP-OES / AAS |
| VOCs | GC-MS |
| SVOCs | GC-MS/MS |
| Pesticides | GC-MS/MS / LC-MS/MS |
| Dioxins & Furans | HRGC-HRMS |
| PAHs | GC-MS/MS |
| Oil & Grease | Gravimetric / GC-FID |
| TOC | TOC Analyzer |
| Cyanide | UV-Vis / Flow Injection Analyzer |
| Calorific Value | Bomb Calorimeter |
| Flash Point | Pensky-Martens Flash Point Tester |
Applicable Standards
- Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 (India)
- CPCB Guidelines for Hazardous Waste Characterization
- USEPA SW-846 Methods
- USEPA Method 1311 (TCLP)
- ASTM Standard Test Methods
- APHA Standard Methods
- ISO 17025 (Testing Laboratory Requirements)
Advanced Hazardous Waste Testing Services
A high-end environmental laboratory can offer:
- Hazardous waste characterization
- TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure)
- SPLP (Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure)
- Heavy metals by ICP-MS/ICP-OES
- VOC and SVOC analysis
- Multi-residue pesticide analysis
- Dioxins and furans
- PAHs and PCBs
- Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH)
- Oil & Grease
- Calorific value for co-processing and waste-to-energy applications
- Flash point and ignitability testing
- Corrosivity and reactivity assessment
- Ultimate and proximate analysis
- Industrial sludge characterization
- Incineration ash analysis
- Landfill acceptance testing
- Waste compatibility studies
- Co-processing suitability assessment (cement kilns)
- Environmental compliance and regulatory reporting
Industry We Serve
Food & Beverage Industry
Ensures safe and hygienic water quality used in production, processing, and packaging.
Hospitality (Hotels & Restaurants)
Maintains clean and safe water standards for cooking, drinking, and guest services.
Healthcare & Hospitals
Supports infection control by testing water used in medical and sanitation systems.
Manufacturing & Industrial Units
Monitors process and utility water to ensure efficiency and regulatory compliance.
Pharmaceutical Industry
Ensures high-purity water standards required for drug formulation and production.
Municipal Bodies & Water Authorities
Assesses drinking water quality and wastewater treatment effectiveness.
Real Estate & Construction
Tests water used in construction activities and residential supply systems.
Agriculture & Farming
Evaluates irrigation water quality to improve crop yield and soil health.
Why Choose CareLabs For Environmental Testing
-
Accurate Results
We deliver precise and reliable water quality data using validated testing methods. -
Comprehensive Testing
We cover all water types including drinking water, groundwater, wastewater, and industrial water. -
Regulatory Compliance
Our testing supports compliance with BIS, CPCB, WHO, and other applicable standards. -
Advanced Facilities
We use modern instruments and standardized protocols for consistent, high-quality results. -
Expert Team
Our experienced scientists ensure accurate analysis and dependable reporting. -
Quick Turnaround
We provide timely reports to support faster decisions and operations. -
Clear Reporting
Our reports are simple, structured, and easy to interpret. -
End-to-End Support
We assist from sampling guidance to final result delivery.
Frequently
Asked QuestionsNeed food testing support? Our experts are here to help.
Still have questions?
Can’t find the answer you’re looking for?
Please chat to our friendly team!
Please chat to our friendly team!
What is environmental testing and why is it important?
Environmental testing is the analysis of air, water, soil, and waste to detect pollutants. It helps protect human health, ecosystems, and ensures regulatory compliance.
What parameters are tested in environmental testing services?
We test pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, SO₂, NOx, CO, VOCs, heavy metals, pH, NPK, and chemical contaminants depending on the sample type.
What is included in air quality testing?
Air quality testing includes ambient air monitoring, indoor air quality testing, stack emission monitoring, work zone monitoring, and noise level measurement.
Why is soil testing important for industries and agriculture?
Soil testing helps assess nutrient levels, contamination, and pH balance, supporting better crop yield and ensuring safe industrial land use.
What is stack emission monitoring?
Stack emission monitoring measures pollutants released from industrial chimneys to ensure compliance with environmental regulations and pollution control standards.
What is hazardous waste testing used for?
Hazardous waste testing identifies toxic, flammable, corrosive, and reactive properties of industrial, chemical, and medical waste for safe handling and disposal.
How does water and sediment testing help the environment?
It detects contamination in water bodies and sediments, helping prevent pollution, protect ecosystems, and ensure safe wastewater disposal.
Who needs environmental testing services?
Industries, manufacturing units, construction companies, municipalities, laboratories, and agricultural sectors require environmental testing for compliance and safety.
